1- A great number of students ……………. on campus in their first year at university

2- From this chart we can see that the fishing industry ………….. at the moment

3- The lecturer ………… the results of the new economic scenario when the fire alarm sounded

4- I …………………… the IELTs exam when I was at university.

5- We …………………………. take other language exams but now IELTS is the testing systems for Universities.

6- …………….. this lecture three times now with different lecturers each time!

7- I finished my thesis yesterday but I……………….. it in to the tutor yet. 

8- When I joined the group……….so it was not easy to catch up with them

9- Rashid wanted to sit down because he……….all day at work. 

10 – The students……….to update the tutor on their progress

11 – Hassan……….languages when he finishes secondary school.

12- While we’re taking our exams, our parents……….Paris!

13 – If my father does not call me soon, I……….

14 – Emphatic words can be……….word, but when spoken the speaker emphasizes the word by saying it with heavy stress

15 – There aren’t ………………. students at the lecture today, it might be put off.

16 – Please, pay attention to the first page as it contains …………………

17 – ……….students will be assessed separately

18 – Now talk among ……………. for a minute.

19 – Rome is ………………………….. capital city.

20 – Youssef felt very ……… with his examination results‎

21 – The lecture was………amazing!‎

22 – This workshop produces some of ……….carpets in the world.‎

23 – Most students regularly………lectures in the first semester.‎

24 – Students sitting …………… the very back of the class in general don’t develop a good ‎relationship with the teacher.‎

25 – After several attempts he finally ………………pass the mathematics examination.‎

26 – Khaled got a very low mark in the exam, he ……………studied hard enough.‎

27 – ‎……. obtain a good band score, you must practice all language skills well.‎

28 – On Monday the teacher ……………… us to read more technical texts.‎

29 – The teacher also asked ……….. attention to technical vocabulary. ‎

30 – If I pass my IELTS, …. to study abroad.‎

31 – You have to practice a lot if you ……. that great band score.‎

32 – We were warned that ………………………. we worked hard for the exam, we wouldn’t be able ‎to pass it‎

33 – I remember ……………. hard for my IELTS exam, but it was worth the effort.‎

34 – Students ………….theses have been rejected, can resubmit it for review.‎

35 – The University of Cambridge ……… in the year 1209.‎

36 – Al-Azhar University is one of………………..universities in the world.‎

37 – Learning languages is important because it helps to understand other cultures better. ……… it can ‎be a useful skill in many areas of work.‎

38 – ‎……….the company is expanding, we need to hire more staff.‎

39 – The government is ………….. looking for ways to attract investment.‎

40 – Although many government programs …………………. on recycling at home, a large portion of ‎waste is generated by industry.‎

Please read carefully, then answer the  following questions accordingly.

passage ( A )

The sense of smell (or olfaction) is our most primitive sense and is located in the same part of our brain that effects emotions, memory, and creativity. Our sense of smell allows us to identify food, mates and danger, as well as sensual pleasures like perfume and flowers/nature. Sudden scents, like smelling salts, will jolt the mind. The senses of smell and taste, two of the five senses identified by Aristotle, are called “chemical senses” and are sometimes regarded as one sense rather than separate senses. About 80 per cent of what we taste is actually due to our sense of smell. Without the sense of smell, we would only be able to recognise five tastes: sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and savory. A food’s flavour can be altered by simply changing its smell, while keeping its taste the same. In fact, our sense of smell becomes stronger when we are hungry

passage ( B )

Aromas, scents and fragrances, good and bad smells, are all odours or odorants. An odour is a chemical dissolved in air, generally at a very low concentration, which we perceive by the sense of smell or olfaction. Odours are also called “smells,” which can refer to both pleasant and unpleasant odours. In contrast, “stench” and “stink” are used specifically to describe an unpleasant odour. The terms “fragrance”, “scent,” or “aroma” are used primarily by the air treatment companies like Prolitec as well as food and cosmetic companies to describe a pleasant odour. The term “perfume” is used to refer to fine fragrances or wearable scents. Humans are able to distinguish over 10,000 different odour molecules. When inhaled, these odour molecules travel into the nose and interact with odour receptors. The odour receptors then transmit the information to the olfactory bulb, which is located in the brain’s limbic system. The limbic system also controls memory and emotions, and is connected to the pituitary gland and hypothalamus area that controls the release of hormones that affect our appetite, nervous system, body temperature, stress levels and concentration

passage ( C )

While there is no theory that explains olfaction fully, one theory is that millions of axons or nerve fibres cover the circumference of the olfactory bulb. Depending on which nerve fibres interact with or capture the odour molecules, a pattern of activity is generated which cause the perception of a unique smell. Another theory is that odour receptors function like a key-lock system. If the airborne molecules of a certain chemical can fit into the lock, the nerve cell will respond. Some odours are perceived as pleasant like flowers, perfumes, and cooking aromas. Some odours are called malodours because they are perceived as an unpleasant stench or stink. Malodours are like pleasant odours in that they are caused by specific combinations of chemicals. The perception of all odours is subjective and based on cultural conditioning or emotional state.

passage ( D )

Since the olfactory system is located in the brain, the sense of smell is closely tied to memory, mood, stress and concentration. For example, at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Centre in New York, doctors use fragrance to reduce anxiety during medical testing. Doctors from Duke University Medical Centre are treating women in menopause with fragrances to alleviate depression and mood swings. This use of scent to affect mood or behaviour is called aromatherapy. Anosmia is the loss of one’s sense of smell. The inability to smell can lead to loss of appetite, libido, and depression linked to smell memories. Anosmia is sometimes an early symptom of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s are degenerations of systems associated with the limbic system. The human olfactory system adjusts over time and has trouble detecting both bad and good odours provided they are not too strong. This is called olfactory adaptation and it usually takes an hour to become adapted to an odour or scent. For example, people working in a scented environment often adapt to the scent and lose their ability to detect it even if people entering the space can readily perceive it.

41 – Which section (A, B, C or D) contains the following information?

problems that can occur if you do not have a sense of smell ……..

42 – Which section (A, B, C or D) contains the following information?

the external and internal parts of the body involved in the perception of smell ……..

43 – Which section (A, B, C or D) contains the following information?

tastes that you can still identify if you lose your sense of smell…….. 

44 – Which section (A, B, C or D) contains the following information?

health problems that are being treated with fragrances……..

45 – Which section (A, B, C or D) contains the following information?

a definition of the term ‘odour’…….. 

46 – According to the first paragraph, humans’ sense of smell

47 – Aristotle recognized smell and taste as

48 – According to the third paragraph, an odour is a term ‎

49 – According to the fourth paragraph, the limbic system is responsible for ‎

50 – One theory of olfaction claims we perceive a smell when ‎

51 – Malodours are ‎

52 – According to the last paragraph, we do not perceive a smell ‎

53 – What is the best title for the reading passage? ‎

54 – Write about the following topic.

Some young people prefer to leave school at 16 or 18 to get a job, while others feel that there are more advantages to entering university after finishing their school education.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of leaving school at 16 or 18 to work instead of going to university?

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Write at least 250 words on the space below.